P. Cendula, S. Kiravittaya, Y. Mei, Ch. Deneke, O. G. Schmidt
An equilibrium phase diagram for the shape of compressively strained free-hanging films is developed by total strain energy minimization. For small strain gradients {\Delta}{\epsilon}, the film wrinkles, while for sufficiently large {\Delta}{\epsilon}, a phase transition from wrinkling to bending occurs. We consider competing relaxation mechanisms for free-hanging films, which have rolled up into tube structures, and we provide an upper limit for the maximum achievable number of tube rotations.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1206.2875
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