G. Wachter, K. Tökési, G. Betz, C. Lemell, J. Burgdörfer
We theoretically investigate surface modifications on alkaline earth halides due to highly charged ion impact, focusing on recent experimental evidence for both etch pit and nano-hillock formation on CaF2 [A. El-Said et al, PRL 109, 117602 (2012)]. We discuss mechanisms for converting the projectile potential and kinetic energies into thermal energy capable of changing the surface structure. A proof-of-principle classical molecular dynamics simulation suggests the existence of two thresholds which we associate with etch pit and nano-hillock formation in qualitative agreement with experiment.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1209.5526
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